Pistachio is one of the agricultural products that is associated with Iran pistachio shell and has a long history. In the current century, with the beginning of exports, gained special economic and commercial value and Iran is the first and most important exporter of pistachios in the world (Sami et al., 1384). The word pistachio is an Iranian word derived from the dialect of the people of Khorasan in ancient times. Forests and car masses of pistachio trees have been present in a large part of Khorasan since ancient times (Abrishami, 1373).
Pistachio tree was domesticated and cultivated in Iran 3 to 4 thousand years ago (Sheibani et al., 1995). Perhaps the oldest document about the historical background of pistachio cultivation in Iran can be considered in the travelogue of Herodotus, a famous Greek historian who wrote a research on pistachio production and its place in Iran (Mohammadkhani, 1997).
Pistachio or green gold as a strategic product has a special place among agricultural products. A large amount of non-oil exports is dependent on pistachios (Panahi et al., 2001). From the past until now, Iran has been considered as one of the largest producers of pistachios in the world.